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Nonequilibrium Sorption and Degradation of Three 2-Chloro-s-Triazine Herbicides in Soil-Water Systems

College of Human Ecology, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853;

A. T. Lemley

College of Human Ecology, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853;

R. J. Wagenet

Dep. of Soil, Crop, and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853.

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Miscible displacement techniques were used for the simultaneous study of nonequilibrium sorption and degradation of atrazine (2-chloro-4-etbylamino-6-isopropylamine-s-triazine), simazine (2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine), and cyanazine (2-(4-chloro-6-ethylamino)-s-triazine-2-ylamino-2-proprionitrile) on two central New York soils. A bicontinuum model, which considers sorption in two domains and includes a description of first-order degradation, was applied to describe experimentally determined breakthrough curves. Values of the equilibrium sorption constant, K, and first-order degradation rate constant, µ, were independently measured using batch and mass-balance techniques. Values of the sorption rate coefficient (fitted with a bicontinuum model) were inversely correlated with K, and were dependent on concentration and velocity. Estimates of the rate of atrazine degradation were on the same order, but slower when measured with miscible displacement vs. batch incubation techniques. The techniques presented in this study provide an opportunity to better quantify sorption and degradation parameters that are required in environmental fate models.

(present address: Dep. of Natural Resour. Sci., 338 Woodward Hall, The Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881)

Contribution no. 2661 of the College of Resource Development, Univ. of Rhode Island, with support from Rhode Island Agric. Exp. Stn.

Received for publication October 1, 1990.

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