HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Fermanich, K. J. Articles by Daniel, T. C. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Fermanich, K. J. Articles by Daniel, T. C. Agricola Articles by Fermanich, K. J. Articles by Daniel, T. C.

Pesticide Mobility and Persistence in Microlysimeter Soil Columns from a Tilled and No-Tilled Plot

Dep. of Soil Sci., Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706;

T. C. Daniel

Dep. of Agron., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701.

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Pesticide leaching losses under varying tillage systems, especially in sandy soils, is not clearly understood. This study compared the leaching and dissipation of two corn (Zea mays L.), ¹⁴C-labeIed, insecticides—carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzo-furanylmethylcarbamate) and chlorpyrifos [O,O-diethly O-(trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate]—in sandy soil columns from conventional-moldboard plow (CN) and no-till (NT) tillage plots. Microlysimeters, utilizing intact soil columns from established tillage plots, were used to investigate pesticide mobility and dissipation under simulated field precipitation, drainage, and temperature patterns. Leachate from CN tillage columns receiving ¹⁴C-carbofuran contained over two times more of the applied ¹⁴C (17.9%) compared to NT columns (7.9%). The major portion (63%) of ¹⁴C-carbofuran residues leached from CN columns was associated with a metabolite (unknown I) compared to 40% for NT columns. Slightly more (4.9% compared to 4.6%) ¹⁴C as parent carbofuran leached from CN columns relative to NT. After 106 d of simulated field conditions, 4.0 and 7.8% of the applied parent ¹⁴C-carbofuran was recovered from the soil of CN and NT columns, respectively. Average time to peak ¹⁴C-carbofuran residue concentrations were retarded by 12 and 39 d for CN and NT columns, respectively, compared to time to peak concentrations of bromide. Less than 0.2% of the applied ¹⁴C-chlorpyrifos leached from the soil columns. Differences in the physical, chemical, and/or biological characteristics between CN and NT tillage columns influenced the dissipation and mobility of carbofuran.

Research supported by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison.

Received for publication July 14, 1989.