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Accumulation and Interactions of Arsenic, Selenium, Molybdenum and Phosphorus in Alfalfa

Dep. of Soil and Environ. Sciences, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521.

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Arsenic (As), selenium (Se), and molybdenum (Mo) have become increasingly important in the terrestrial and agrobiological environment in some parts of the western USA. A four factorial [3 As x 3 Se x 2 Mo x 2 P concentrations] completely randomized glasshouse study was conducted to evaluate the competitive interactions between As(V), Se(VI), Mo(VI) and P using nutrient solution concentrations representative of soil solutions and agricultural drainage waters. Alfalfa [Medicago sativa L., Germain WL 512] was grown in sand culture and irrigated five times per day with half-strength Hoagland's solution containing 0 (background), 0.05 and 0.10 mg L^–1 As as Na₂HAsO₄; 0, 0.05, and 0.10 mg L^–1 Se as Na₂SeO₄; and 0.01 (background) and 1.0 mg L^–1 Mo as Na₂MoO₄. Instead of 16 mg L^–1 P and 16 mg L^–1 S commonly used in the half-strength Hoagland solution, 1.0 or 4.0 mg L^–1 P added as KH₂PO₄ and one somewhat lower level (8.0 mg L^–1) S added as MgSO₄ were used. The results indicated no adverse effect of As and Se on shoot yield. Selenium and P strongly depressed shoot As concentrations, and their combined effects were multiplicative rather than additive (significant Se x P interaction). Uptake of Se was decreased by increasing P, but was stimulated by increasing As, and the combined effects of P and As were approximately additive (non-significant As x P interaction). Tissue concentrations of Mo and P were less dramatically influenced by solution concentrations of the other elements.

Current address of senior author: Dept. of Soil Science, N.W.F.P. Agricultural Univ., Peshawar, Pakistan.

Contribution from the Dep. of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Univ. California, Riverside.

Received for publication April 23, 1990.

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