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Movement of Toxaphene and Fluometuron Through Dunbar Soil to Underlying Ground Water¹

ABSTRACT

One hundred kilograms per hectare of toxaphene (octachlorocamphene) and 40 kg/ha of fluometuron (3-[m-trifluoromethylphenyl-1,1-dimethylurea) were applied to Dunbar topsoil in a field plot in the South Carolina Coastal Plain. Loss of both pesticides from the topsoil and accumulation in underlying ground water were monitored for 1 year.

Toxaphene loss from topsoil seemed to occur in two stages. The second (major) stage was crudely linear on a log residue vs. log time plot. Half-residence time in the topsoil was about 100 days.

Fluometuron loss from topsoil occurred in one continuous episode that was crudely linear on a log residue vs. linear time plot. Half-residence time in the topsoil was about 120 days.

Toxaphene and fluometuron were found in underlying ground water within 2 months after they were applied to the topsoil. Both pesticides persisted in ground water during the entire year. Overall, concentrations gradually decreased with time.

Key Words: pesticides • sterilant concentration • half-residence time • first-order-like response • second-order-like response

¹ Technical contribution 1041, South Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta., Clemson University, Clemson, S. C. 29631.

² Associate Professor, Chemist I and Chemist III, respectively, Clemson University.