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Suppression of Ozone Injury to Phaseolus vulgaris L. with Thiophanate Ethyl and its Methyl Analogue¹

ABSTRACT

Two systemic fungicides, 1,2-bis (3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-thioureido) benzene (thiophanate ethyl) and 1,2-bis (3-methoxycarbonyl-2-thioureido) benzene (thiophanate methyl) were tested for their ability to suppress ozone injury to Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘Pinto III’ bean seedlings in greenhouse-grown plants fumigated with air containing 25–35 pphm of ozone for 4 hours. Treatments included foliar sprays of 100, 500, and 1,000 µg fungicide/ml of spray solution and soil amendments of 50, 100, 200, and 500 µg/g soil. Thiophanate ethyl resulted in significant reduction of injury at foliar spray dosages as low as 500 µg per ml solution and soil amendment levels as low as 100 µg per g soil. Nearly complete protection was achieved at 200 µg/g soil. Thiophanate methyl provided significant protection as a foliar spray at dosages of 500 and 100 µg/ml spray solution; when used as a soil amendment, results were inconsistent. Internode shortening with a mottled greening and yellowing effect was noted at the higher levels of thiophanate methyl foliar sprays and soil amendments.

Key Words: air pollution • fungicides • ozone protection

¹ A joint contribution of the Dep. of Plant Pathology and the Center for Air Environment Studies, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, Penn. 16802. Authorized for publication May 12, 1972 as paper no. 4211 in the Journal Series of the Pennsylvania Agr. Exp. Sta. Contribution No. 249-72 from the Center for Air Environment Studies. This investigation was supported by the Office of Air Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, Grant No. AP00022, administered through the Center for Air Environment Studies.

² Graduate Student, Professor, and Associate Professor, Dep. of Plant Pathology, The Pennsylvania State Univ., respectively.

Received for publication May 30, 1973.