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Mobility of Sludge-borne 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine in Soil Columns¹

ABSTRACT

Fate of the carcinogen 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine (DCB) in sludge-amended soil was evaluated. Carbon-14-1abeled DCB was used as a tracer to examine mineralization and mobility of DCB present in sludge. Dichlorobenzidine was shown to be very persistent in soil and sludge-amended soil with < 2% of the added [¹⁴C]DCB evolved as ¹⁴CO₂ during a 182-d incubation. Mobility of DCB was evaluated by using soil columns (5 by 45 cm) that were irrigated with 2.54 cm water d^–1 for 84 d. The total ¹⁴C recovered in leachate water was from 0.16 to 0.063% of the total ¹⁴C added to the top 15 cm of the soil column at time zero. The strong binding of DCB to soil constituents rendered it highly immobile despite being placed in a sandy soil that was irrigated with large amounts of water. However, some finite, albeit small, quantity was apparently leached through the soil profile at a relatively constant rate. The immobilization of DCB presumably results from tbe formation of humus bound DCB residues and from its low water solubility.

Key Words: wastewater treatment • land application • groundwater • leaching

¹ Journal article no. 12187 of the Michigan Agric. Exp. Stn.

² Graduate Research Assistant and Associate Professor, Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824.

Received for publication July 15, 1986.