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Nitrate Leaching Losses from Monolith Lysimeters as Influenced by Nitrapyrin¹

ABSTRACT

Three monolith lysimeters, each with a surface area of 8.1 m² and a depth of 2.4 m, were planted to no-till corn (Zea mays L.) for 6 consecutive years. The lysimeters contained a Rayne silt loam (Typic Hapludult), a well-drained residual soil. Urea was placed in a slot approximately 10-cm deep and 10 to 15 cm from the corn row at a rate of 336 kg N/ha. The urea applied to two of the lysimeters was treated with nitrapyrin [2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine], a nitrification inhibitor, and applied untreated on the third lysimeter. Two years of unfertilized meadow immediately preceded the corn. Concentrations of NO^–₃; in the leachate from the lysimeters were higher during the corn years than during the meadow period. Concentrations showed seasonal variations during the last 3 yr of the study, but showed no increasing trend. The leachate from the lysimeters receiving the nitrapyrin treated urea had seasonally flow-weighted NO^–₃; concentrations ranging from 6 to 40 mg/L, while the leachate from the lysimeter receiving untreated urea had seasonally flow-weighted NO^–₃;-N concentrations ranging from 20 to 54 mg/L. Nitrate-N losses showed a similar treatment difference. The 6-yr annual average NO^–₃; loss was 117 and 160 kg/ha from the lysimeters with the treated urea and untreated urea, respectively. This study demonstrates that nitrification inhibitors such as nitrapyrin, have a potential to reduce NO^–₃; leaching when applied with ammoniacal fertilizers.

Key Words: nitrification inhibitor • urea • NO^–₃; concentration • groundwater

¹ Contribution from the USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Exp. Watershed, Coshocton, OH 43812, in cooperation with The Ohio State Univ., Ohio Agric. Res. and Develop. Center, Wooster, OH 44691.

² Soil Scientist, USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Experimental Watershed, Coshocton, OH 43812.

Received for publication April 23, 1986.

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