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ABSTRACT
Nitrate-N (NO3) leaching losses were quantified for irrigated corn (Zea mays L.) grown on a Valentine sand using a ceramic candle extraction system buried at 1.5-m depth. Irrigation rates were 85% and 130% of evapotranspiration (ET). Total dry matter, grain yield and crop N uptake were not significantly affected by irrigation level. During the two year study average annual flow-weighted NO3-N concentrations in extracted soil water ranged from 28.3 to 75.2 mg NO3-N L–1 for 0.85 and 1.3 ET irrigation levels, respectively. In 1976 the 0.85 ET treatment had 37 ha-mm of soil water percolation and leaching of 12 kg NO3-N. The 1.3 ET treatment lost 191 ha-mm of percolation and 75 kg NO3-N. In 1977 132 ha-mm of soil water was lost by percolation and 109 kg NO3-N ha–1 for 0.85 ET and 182 ha-mm and 146 kg NO3-N ha–1 for the 1.3 ET irrigation level. The higher soil water percolation and NO3-N losses in 1977 resulted from over-winter precipitation and early spring leaching of the previous year's residual nitrate. In-season NO3-N leaching was reduced by matching irrigation to ET. To effectively reduce NO3-N leaching N fertilizer rates must match crop yield requirements to reduce soil NO3-N carryover and irrigation scheduling must be used on sands.
Key Words: fertigation • nonpoint source pollution • nitrogen management
1 Contribution from Dep. of Agronomy, Nebraska Agric. Res. Div. (Paper no. 7904, Journal Series), Lincoln, NE 68583.
2 Associate Professor of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte, NE 69101.
Received for publication October 7, 1985.
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