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Reducing Aspergillus Species Infection of Peanut Seed Using Resistant Genotypes¹

ABSTRACT

Studies were conducted to determine the potential of reducing aflatoxin contamination using recently released peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes found to be resistant to seed invasion by aflatoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus Link ex Fr. flavus and A. parasiticus Speare. Under certain environmental conditions these fungi metabolize aflatoxins which are highly potent carcinogens when ingested by animals. Resistant lines (GFA-1, GFA-2, AR-1, AR-2, AR-3, and AR-4) were evaluated for resistance to seed invasion and colonization of intact, dry seed by the Aspergillus species. When rehydrated and inoculated seed were incubated under favorable conditions, all the resistant peanut lines were more resistant than commercial peanut cultivars, "Florunner" and ‘Sunbelt Runner’, in successive years of evaluating. Pod yields of GFA-1 and GFA-2 pod yields approached those of the commercial cultivars. AH the resistant genotypes could reduce contamination of seed immediately following harvest or in short term storage when environmental conditions are conducive to A. flavus and A. parasiticus infection.

Key Words: seed-toxins • mycotoxins • Arachis-hypogaea

¹ Cooperative investigations of the Agric. Res. Service, U.S. Dep. of Agriculture, and the Agronomy Dep. of the Univ. of Georgia Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793.

² Research Agronomist, U.S. Dep. of Agric. Res. Service, Agronomy Dep., Univ. of Georgia Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793.

Received for publication October 24, 1985.