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Groundwater Quality Changes Resulting from a Surface Bromide Application to a Pasture¹

ABSTRACT

Potassium bromide was applied at a rate of 168 kg Br^–/ha to two 1.1-ha pasture watersheds in east-central Ohio to study the impacts on groundwater quality of a one-time application of a soluble constituent. The watersheds had well-drained residual silt loam soils and average slopes of about 20%. A nearly impermeable clay layer under the watersheds created a perched aquifer from which groundwater samples could be taken at developed springs. Three monolith, grassed lysimeters having soil profiles similar to the watersheds also received the Br^–1 treatment. The lysimeters, which were 8 m² in surface area and had a depth of 2.4 m, had shorter leaching pathways than the watersheds and showed peak Br^–1 concentrations in percolation (24.0 mg/L maximum peak) occurring 52–78 weeks following the Br^–1 application. The Br^–1 concentration in the groundwater from the watersheds had lower peaks (9.2 mg/L maximum peak) but occurred 84 to 104 weeks after the Br^–1 application. Because of variable leaching pathway lengths, including pathways much longer than those in the lysimeters, the watershed groundwater Br^–1 applications had shown no meaningful decrease by 2 yrs after the Br^–1 application. A one-time application of a soluble, nondegradable chemical constituent can have a multi-year influence on groundwater quality.

Key Words: water movement • infiltration • subsurface flow • chemical movement • leaching pathways

¹ Contribution from the USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Exp. Watershed, Coshocton, OH 43812 in cooperation with The Ohio State Univ., Agricultural Research & Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691.

² Soil scientist, USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Exp. Watershed; professor of Agronomy, Ohio Agricultural Research & Development Center, The Ohio State Univ.; and soil scientist, USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Exp. Watershed, respectively.

Received for publication March 8, 1985.

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