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Estimating Algal Available Phosphorus in Suspended Sediments by Chemical Extraction¹

ABSTRACT

The availability of sediment inorganic phosphorus (P_i) to algae was determined in 28 suspended stream sediments collected from an agricultural watershed in northeastern Indiana by short- (2-d) and longerterm (14-d) incubations. Unincubated sediment was also analyzed for dissolved molybdate reactive P_i (DMRP) and P_i extracted by: (i) sequential NaOH and HCl, (ii) sequential NH₄F, NaOH, and HCl, (iii) nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), (iv) hydroxy-Al resin, and (v) total P. Available P (P_aa) measured in sediments by 2-d and 14-d incubations with algae averaged 21 and 25% of total sediment P, respectively. Extraction of sediments with 0.1 M NaOH, 0.5 M NH₄F, sequential 0.5 M NH₄F + 0.1 M NaOH, NTA, and hydroxy-Al resin removed an average of 36, 22, 31, 45, and 17% of the total P, respectively. Of the extractants tested, NaOH-extractable P_i was significantly correlated with 2-d and 14-d P_aa (r = 0.89*** and 0.95***, respectively) but NaOH extraction removed amounts of P_i that exceeded sediment P_aa by a relatively constant amount. The results suggest that a single extraction with 0.1 M NaOH can be used to estimate both short- and longer-term P_aa in suspended stream sediments derived from noncalcareous soils in the Northcentral USA.

Key Words: sediment • phosphorus availability • phosphorus fractionation • chemical extraction • Selanastrum capricornutum

¹ A contribution of the Indiana Agric. Exp. Stn., Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907. Supported in part by Grant no. G00533501 from the USEPA under the Great Lakes National Program. Journal Paper no. 8951.

² Research assistant and professors, respectively, Agronomy Dep., Purdue Univ. R. Dorich is currently with Dow Chemical, USA, P.O. Box 68511, Indianapolis, IN 46268 and D. Nelson is in the Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583.

Received for publication March 9, 1984.

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