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Swine Lagoon Effluent Applied to ‘Coastal’ Bermudagrass: II. Effects on Soil¹

ABSTRACT

Effluent from animal waste lagoons can degrade water quality if allowed to discharge into surface waters. To determine the feasibility of using swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) lagoon effluent as a source of water and nutrients for crop production, effluent was applied via sprinkler irrigation to ‘Coastal’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] on Norfolk and Wagram soils (Paleudults) at rates to supply 335, 670, and 1340 kg N ha^–1 yr^–1 for 6 yr. Soil nitrate concentrations to a depth of 300 cm showed significant differences in the order high > medium = low rate. At the high rate, 56% of the applied N could not be accounted for by crop removal or increased N content of the soil to a depth of 210 cm. Evidence of P movement to a depth of 60 cm was obtained. Calcium and Mg concentrations in the topsoil were reduced due to relatively high rates of application of Na⁺, K⁺, and NH₄⁺. Soil pH was correspondingly reduced. Soil nitrate data suggest that groundwater pollution by nitrate would result from the high rate and possibly from the medium rate.

Key Words: nitrate • P movement • leaching • irrigation

¹ Paper no. 8992 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agric. Res. Service, Raleigh, NC. This research was partially funded by a grant from the USEPA, Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., Ada, OK.

² Associate professor, Dep. of Soil Sci.; associate professor, Dep. of Biological and Agric. Eng.; professor, Dep. of Soil Sci.; professor, Dep. of Chem. Eng.; and professor, Dep. of Crop Sci., USDA, respectively, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7619.

Received for publication October 31, 1983.

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