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The Effect of Chloride on the Availability of Cadmium¹

ABSTRACT

Cadmium complexes readily with chloride and sulfate; hence, increases in soil salinity may influence its availability. To evaluate the effect of chlorinity, a major component of soil salinity, the following study was undertaken. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris Cicla) as the biological indicator of available Cd in soil at pH 4.0 and pH 7.0 and treated with three levels of Cd(NO₃)₂ combined with five levels of CaCl₂. The soil solution was analyzed for cations and anions; these analyses were used as input data to chemically speciate Cd in the soil solution. Under these treatments, the total concentration of Cd in the soil solution, Cd_T, was found to exist principally as Cd²⁺ and CdCl⁺. Multiple regression analysis of leaf Cd data in relation to the concentration of Cd_T, Cd²⁺, and CdCl⁺ showed leaf Cd to be primarily a function of the Cd²⁺ concentration.

Key Words: soil salinity • free ionic Cd • chloride complexation • plant uptake • trace metal toxicity

¹ Contribution of Dep. of Soil and Environ. Sci., Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521.

² Professors of Soil Science and Staff Research Associate III, respectively, Univ. of California, Riverside.

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