HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) An erratum has been published Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Jury, W. A. Articles by Farmer, W. J. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Jury, W. A. Articles by Farmer, W. J. Agricola Articles by Jury, W. A. Articles by Farmer, W. J.

Behavior Assessment Model for Trace Organics in Soil: I. Model Description¹

ABSTRACT

A mathematical model is introduced for describing transport and loss of soil-applied organic chemicals. The model assumes linear, equilibrium partitioning between vapor, liquid, and adsorbed chemical phases, net first order degradation, and chemical movement to the atmosphere by volatilization loss through a stagnant air boundary layer at the soil surface. From these assumptions and the assumption of steady state upward or downward water flow, an analytic solution is derived for chemical concentration and volatilization flux.

This model, which is intended to classify and screen organic chemicals for their relative susceptibility to different loss pathways (volatilization, leaching, degradation) in the soil and air, requires knowledge of the organic carbon partition coefficient (K_oc), Henry's constant (K_H), and net, first-order degradation rate coefficient or chemical half-life to use on a given chemical.

Illustration of the outputs available with the model is shown for two pesticides, lindane (-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane) and 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], which have widely differing chemical properties. Lindane, with a large K_oc, large K_H, and small degradation rate coefficient, is shown to be relatively immobile, persistent, and susceptible to volatilization. 2,4-D, with a small K_oc, small K_H, and large degradation rate coefficient, is mobile and degrades rapidly, but is only slightly susceptible to losses by volatilization.

Key Words: pesticide • chemical movement • volatilization • diffusion • leaching

¹ Contribution of Dep. of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 and USDA, Riverside.

² Professor of Soil Physics, Univ. of California-Riverside; Soil Scientist, USDA; and Professor of Soil Science, Univ. of California-Riverside, respectively.

Received for publication September 10, 1982.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. Simunek, M. Th. van Genuchten, and M. Sejna Development and Applications of the HYDRUS and STANMOD Software Packages and Related Codes Vadose Zone J., May 27, 2008; 7(2): 587 - 600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Hamamoto, T. Tokida, T. Miyazaki, and M. Mizoguchi Dense Gas Flow in Volcanic Ash Soil: Effect of Pore Structure on Density-Driven Flow Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., February 15, 2008; 72(2): 480 - 486. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Tiktak, J. J. T. I. Boesten, A. M. A. van der Linden, and M. Vanclooster Mapping Ground Water Vulnerability to Pesticide Leaching with a Process-Based Metamodel of EuroPEARL. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1213 - 1226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. McBain, J. S. Warland, R. A. McBride, and C. Wagner-Riddle Micrometeorological measurements of N2O and CH4 emissions from a municipal solid waste landfill Waste Management Research, October 1, 2005; 23(5): 409 - 419. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Russo, J. Zaidel, and A. Laufer Numerical Analysis of Flow and Transport from Trickle Sources on a Spatially Heterogeneous Hillslope Vadose Zone J., August 16, 2005; 4(3): 838 - 847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. B. Davis, J. L. Rayner, M. G. Trefry, S. J. Fisher, and B. M. Patterson Measurement and Modeling of Temporal Variations in Hydrocarbon Vapor Behavior in a Layered Soil Profile Vadose Zone J., April 25, 2005; 4(2): 225 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. B. Kester, R. B. Brobst, A. Carpenter, R. L. Chaney, A. B. Rubin, R. A. Schoof, and D. S. Taylor Risk Characterization, Assessment, and Management of Organic Pollutants in Beneficially Used Residual Products J. Environ. Qual., January 1, 2005; 34(1): 80 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Wolters, M. Klein, and H. Vereecken An Improved Description of Pesticide Volatilization: Refinement of the Pesticide Leaching Model (PELMO) J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2004; 33(5): 1629 - 1637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Ferrari, M. Trevisan, and E. Capri Predicting and Measuring Environmental Concentration of Pesticides in Air after Soil Application J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2003; 32(5): 1623 - 1633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Wolters, V. Linnemann, M. Herbst, M. Klein, A. Schaffer, and H. Vereecken Pesticide Volatilization from Soil: Lysimeter Measurements versus Predictions of European Registration Models J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2003; 32(4): 1183 - 1193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Gamst, P. Moldrup, D. E. Rolston, T. Olesen, K. Scow, and T. Komatsu Comparison of Naphthalene Diffusion and Nonequilibrium Adsorption-Desorption Experiments Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., May 1, 2003; 67(3): 765 - 777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Gamst, T. Olesen, H. De Jonge, P. Moldrup, and D. E. Rolston Nonsingularity of Naphthalene Sorption in Soil: Observations and the Two-Compartment Model Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., November 1, 2001; 65(6): 1622 - 1633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Russo, J. Zaidel, A. Laufer, and Z. Gerstl Numerical Analysis of Transport of Trifluralin From a Subsurface Dripper Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., November 1, 2001; 65(6): 1648 - 1658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. C. Ferguson and J. M. Denner Human health risk assessment using UK Guideline Values for contaminants in soils Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, January 1, 1998; 14(1): 37 - 43. [Abstract] [PDF]