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Impact of Ozone on Soybean Yield¹

ABSTRACT

Field-grown soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr., cv. Corsoy] were exposed to O₃ for 7 h daily (0900–1600 CST) for 56 d in open-top chambers. The air in the chambers was either charcoal-filtered or non-filtered, with various constant amounts of O₃ added. The randomized block design incorporated four replicates of six treatments: no chamber (0.042 ppm O₃ seasonal 7-h average); chamber with charcoal-filtered air (0.022 ppm O₃); and chambers with non-filtered air plus added O₃ to provide concentrations of 0.042, 0.064, 0.089, and 0.115 ppm. A linear reduction in seed weight per plant with increasing ozone dose (b (slope) = –87.18) was significant (P = 0.01), and yields were reduced 5, 23, 39, and 52% for the 0.042, 0.064, 0.089, and 0.115 ppm O₃ treatments, respectively, compared with the 0.022 ppm treatment. Significant (P = 0.01) linear reductions were also noted for filled pods per plant (b = 184.4), seeds per filled pod (b = –0.9955), weight per seed (b = –0.3794), and percent oil content (b = –12.33). Significant (P = 0.01) linear increases were noted for unfilled pods per plant (b = 58.11) and percent protein content (b = 20.58). A comparison of the open plots with the nonfiltered air chamber plots provided with the same concentration of O₃ revealed no significant chamber effects.

Key Words: air pollution • Glycine max (L.) Merr. • open-top chambers • field experiments • dose-response

¹ Research performed under the auspices of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

² Assistant Ecologist and Ecologist, Ecological Sciences Section, Radiological & Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.

Received for publication February 12, 1982.