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Flooding and Landfill Gas Effects on Red and Sugar Maples¹

ABSTRACT

Seedlings of two maple species, Acer rubrum L. (red maple) and Acer saccharum Marsh (sugar maple), tolerant and intolerant to flooded soils, respectively, were subjected to flooded and simulated landfill-gas-saturated soils in modified 88-liter steel trash cans in order to determine if flood-tolerant characteristics of woody species are also effective in protecting plants from the effects of anaerobically produced gases (chiefly CH₄ and CO2) in former landfills. The composition of the simulated landfill gas mixture consisting of approximately 3% O₂, 40% CO₂, 50% CH₄, and 7% N₂ (typical of many landfills observed), and the control, consisting of approximately 20% O₂, <1% CO₂, 80% N, and 0% CH₄, were monitored routinely during the course of the experiment. Results of the experiment, based on stomatal resistances to the diffusion of water vapor from the leaf surfaces of the two species and visual appearances, indicated that the flood-tolerant species, red maple, was also more tolerant of landfill-gas-contaminated soil than was sugar maple, the more sensitive of the two to flooded soils.

Key Words: flood tolerance • carbon dioxide • methane • soil atmospheres • Acer rubrum • acer saccharum

¹ Contribution of the New Jersey Agric. Exp. Stn. and Coop. Ext. Serv., Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903. Supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Division of Solid and Hazardous Wastes, Cincinnati, Ohio.

² Graduate Student, Professor of Plant Pathology, and Extension Specialist in Environmental Science, respectively.

Received for publication November 1, 1978.

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