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Effects of Drainage and Long-Term Manure Application on Nitrogen, Copper, Zinc, and Salt Distribution and Availability in Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Effects of drainage and long-term manure application on nitrogen, copper, zinc, and salt distribution in soil profiles were examined for a field that had been receiving manure applications for more than 20 years. The field ranged from well-drained Briscot loam to poorly drained Shalcar muck and was planted with corn (Zea mays L.) in 1979. Ten weeks after planting, soil and plant tissue samples were collected from five different sites, and were analyzed for N, Cu, and Zn. More NO₃^–-N was present in the Briscot loam than in the Shalcar muck, but considerable amounts of exchangeable NH₄⁺-N were found in the latter soil, and the amounts also increased with depth. The latter trend paralleled accumulation of salts in the lower horizons of the muck soil. No excessive elevations of Cu and Zn due to long-term manure applications were found in either soil.

Consistently lower total N, Cu, and Zn concentrations were found in leaf tissues of corn grown on the poorly drained muck soil than on the better-drained loam soil. Poor soil aeration in the muck soil could have adversely affected the ability of corn to either absorb or translocate these elements. In addition, the low NO₃^–-N levels and low DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)-extractable Cu and Zn from the poorly drained soils could also have reduced availability and uptake of these elements.

Key Words: iron oxides • corn • reduction

¹ Scientific paper no. 5743, Washington State Univ., Coll. of Agric. Res. Ctr., Pullman, WA 99164. Project no. 0490.

² Assistant Soil Scientist, Western Washington Research and Extension Center, Puyallup, WA 98371.

Received for publication September 25, 1980.

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