JEQ Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Published in J Environ Qual 10:255-266 (1981)
© 1981 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Reddy, K. R.
Right arrow Articles by Overcash, M. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by Reddy, K. R.
Right arrow Articles by Overcash, M. R.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Reddy, K. R.
Right arrow Articles by Overcash, M. R.

Behavior and Transport of Microbial Pathogens and Indicator Organisms in Soils Treated with Organic Wastes1

K. R. Reddy, R. Khaleel and M. R. Overcash2

ABSTRACT

In a critical review of pathogen and indicator-organism transformations and transport from land areas receiving organic wastes, microbial die-off was described assuming first-order kinetics. First-order die-off rate constants (k) were calculated from the literature data for various pathogens and indicator organisms. For indicator organisms average die-off rates were 1.14 day–1 (0.08–9.1) for fecal coliforms, and 0.41 day–1 (0.05–3.87 day–1) for fecal streptococci. For pathogens, the average die-off rates were 1.33 day–1 (0.21–6.93) for Salmonella, 0.68 day–1 (0.62–0.74 day–1) for Shigella sp., and 1.45 day–1 (0.04–3.69 day–1) for viruses, respectively. Die-off rates increased approximately two times with a 10°C rise in temperature (5–30°C). Microbial die-off increased with decrease in soil moisture and was minimum in a pH range of 6–7. Correction factors were presented to adjust the k values for the changes in temperature, moisture, and pH. Retention of pathogens and indicator organisms by soil particles was described assuming a linear isotherm. Retention of microorganisms increased with an increase in clay content of the soil.

Major transport processes reviewed were leaching and surface runoff for land areas receiving animal wastes, and pastures and rangeland watersheds where animals distribute waste directly on the land. Some of the important research needs identified include (i) mechanisms involved in the retention of bacteria and viruses by the soil; (ii) measurement of retention coefficients for some important pathogens and indicator organisms, as a function of physico-chemical properties of soil; (iii) processes involved in the transport of bacteria and viruses along with the percolating water or in runoff water; and (iv) extensive testing of available models.

Key Words: Microbial die-off • pathogens • viruses • soil retention • nonpoint source • animal wastes • runoff water quality

NOTES

1 Paper no. 6448 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv., Raleigh. This research was supported in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, grant no. R-805011-0-1-0.

2 Assistant Professor, Univ. of Florida, IFAS Agricultural Research & Education Center, P.O. Box 909, Sanford, FL 32771; Assistant Professor, Dep. of Geoscience, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 81801; and Professor, Dep. of Biol. and Agric. Eng., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27650, respectively.

Received for publication January 26, 1980.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
S. D. Leskinen and D. V. Lim
Rapid Ultrafiltration Concentration and Biosensor Detection of Enterococci from Large Volumes of Florida Recreational Water
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2008; 74(15): 4792 - 4798.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
D. R. Lapen, E. Topp, M. Edwards, L. Sabourin, W. Curnoe, N. Gottschall, P. Bolton, S. Rahman, B. Ball-Coelho, M. Payne, et al.
Effect of Liquid Municipal Biosolid Application Method on Tile and Ground Water Quality
J. Environ. Qual., May 1, 2008; 37(3): 925 - 936.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
A. K. Guber, Y. A. Pachepsky, D. R. Shelton, and O. Yu
Effect of Bovine Manure on Fecal Coliform Attachment to Soil and Soil Particles of Different Sizes
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., May 15, 2007; 73(10): 3363 - 3370.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ecological Rest.Home page
J. M. Evans, A. C. Wilkie, J. Burkhardt, and R. P. Haynes
Rethinking Exotic Plants: Using Citizen Observations in a Restoration Proposal for Kings Bay, Florida
Ecological Rest., January 1, 2007; 25(3): 199 - 210.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
A. K. Guber, D. R. Shelton, Y. A. Pachepsky, A. M. Sadeghi, and L. J. Sikora
Rainfall-Induced Release of Fecal Coliforms and Other Manure Constituents: Comparison and Modeling
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., December 1, 2006; 72(12): 7531 - 7539.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
D. W. Meals and D. C. Braun
Demonstration of Methods to Reduce E. coli Runoff from Dairy Manure Application Sites
J. Environ. Qual., May 31, 2006; 35(4): 1088 - 1100.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
J. J. Miller, E. C. S. Olson, D. S. Chanasyk, B. W. Beasley, L. J. Yanke, F. J. Larney, T. A. McAllister, B. M. Olson, and L. B. Selinger
Bedding and Within-Pen Location Effects on Feedlot Pen Runoff Quality Using a Rainfall Simulator
J. Environ. Qual., February 2, 2006; 35(2): 505 - 515.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Vadose Zone JHome page
A. K. Guber, D. R. Shelton, and Ya. A. Pachepsky
Transport and Retention of Manure-Borne Coliforms in Soil
Vadose Zone J., August 16, 2005; 4(3): 828 - 837.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
R. W. Muirhead, R. P. Collins, and P. J. Bremer
Erosion and Subsequent Transport State of Escherichia coli from Cowpats
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., June 1, 2005; 71(6): 2875 - 2879.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
D. A. Potts, J. H. Gorres, E. L. Nicosia, and J. A. Amador
Effects of Aeration on Water Quality from Septic System Leachfields
J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2004; 33(5): 1828 - 1838.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
S. Van Cuyk, R. L. Siegrist, K. Lowe, and R. W. Harvey
Evaluating Microbial Purification during Soil Treatment of Wastewater with Multicomponent Tracer and Surrogate Tests
J. Environ. Qual., January 1, 2004; 33(1): 316 - 329.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
J. J. Miller, B. W. Beasley, L. J. Yanke, F. J. Larney, T. A. McAllister, B. M. Olson, L. B. Selinger, D. S. Chanasyk, and P. Hasselback
Bedding and Seasonal Effects on Chemical and Bacterial Properties of Feedlot Cattle Manure
J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2003; 32(5): 1887 - 1894.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
Y. Q. Tian, P. Gong, J. D. Radke, and J. Scarborough
Spatial and Temporal Modeling of Microbial Contaminants on Grazing Farmlands
J. Environ. Qual., May 1, 2002; 31(3): 860 - 869.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Waste Manag ResHome page
J. A. Snowdon, D. O. Cliver, and J. C. Converse
Land Disposal of Mixed Human and Animal Wastes: A Review
Waste Management Research, January 1, 1989; 7(1): 121 - 134.
[Abstract] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
The SCI Journals Agronomy Journal Crop Science
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education		 Vadose Zone Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal Journal of Plant Registrations The Plant Genome
Copyright © 1981 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.