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ABSTRACT
The adsorption of soluble P by surface soil and suspended sediment material during transport in surface runoff under field and simulated laboratory conditions was investigated. The soluble P concentration of surface runoff from several Southern Plains cropped and grassed watersheds decreased with an increase in sediment concentration, A linear inverse relationship between soluble P and sediment concentration was significant over a wide range in sediment concentration. The slope values of the relationship were similar for different watersheds on the same major soil type. Using soil from these watersheds in simulated surface runoff, sorption of soluble P added in rainfall was found to occur during transport. The magnitude of this sorption was more closely related to the sorptive capacity of the sediment in the surface runoff than to that of the surface soil material. The results suggest that for unfertilized watersheds and for watersheds where fertilizer P is incorporated into the surface soil, away from the zone of immediate removal in surface runoff, the leaching of P from the vegetative cover can contribute significant amounts of soluble P to runoff, and that soil material may act as a P sink rather than a P source.
Key Words: surface runoff • sediment
1 Contribution from the Dep. of Agron., Oklahoma Agric. Exp. Stn., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74074, in cooperation with Southern Plains Watershed and Water Qual. Lab., USDA-SEA, Durant, OK 74701. Journal Series no. 3796.
2 Soil Chemists, except E. D. Rhoades, Agricultural Engineer. Address, USDA-SEA, Durant, Okla. Last author's present address is USDA-SEA, Morris, Minn.
Received for publication July 23, 1980.
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