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Paper Mill Sludge Disposal on Soils: Effects on the Yield and Mineral Nutrition of Oats (Avena sativa L.)¹

ABSTRACT

A greenhouse investigation to evaluate the effects on plant growth of incorporation of high rates (2.5% or 10% by weight of soil) of paper mill sludge material from several primary and secondary treatment processes was conducted. Sludges from secondary biological treatment processes contained sufficient N in relation to organic C (range of C/N values was 12:1–50:1) so that N was not limiting to plant growth. However, sludges from primary treatment processes contained high organic C/N ratios (ca. 150:1) and would require considerable supplementary N fertilizer if cereal crops or grasses were to be planted soon after sludge application. At the high sludge rate, plant growth was diminished even though sufficient fertilizer N, P and K had been applied.

Key Words: solid waste disposal • recycling • nitrogen

¹ Research supported by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, and by a grant from Kimberly-Clark Co.

² Research Associate, Assistant Professor, and Associate Professor of Soil Science, respectively. Senior author's present address is D. B. Ledesma St., Jaro, Iloilo City, Philippines.

Received for publication January 6, 1972.

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