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Waste Water Renovation in Connecticut Soils¹

ABSTRACT

To determine the waste water renovation potential by ion removal of diverse Connecticut soils, 2.54 cm (1 in) of a synthetic sewage effluent was applied semiweekly for 2 years to undisturbed cores, 30 cm diameter and 100 cm deep. Chemical analysis of the leachate revealed that virtually all PO₄ was removed from the effluent by the A horizon of all acid soils. All soils except the sandy Merrimac soil and the calcareous Stockbridge soil removed greater than 85% K, 75% Ca and Mg, but less than 10% Na. The Stockbridge soil, containing abundant dolomitic limestone particles removed less than 50% Ca and released three times the Mg added in the effluent for 21 months. The source of the Mg was readily available Mg associated with the weathered dolomite. Sulfate was partially removed for 1 year in all acid soils. After 1 year sulfate passed through the column. Nitrate and chloride passed through the cores from the start. Estimates of the total cation exchange in the columns and the amount of cations sorbed after 2 years indicates that the longevity of the soil systems studied will vary between 10 and 13 years. Since each soil varies in permeability and its capacity to remove ions, each soil must be examined to determine safe loading rates.

Key Words: water quality • undisturbed soil cores • sewage effluent • soil series

¹ Contribution from the Connecticut Agr. Exp. Sta., New Haven 06504.

² Associate Soil Scientist.

Received for publication June 9, 1971.